Disabilities Need Not Define Anyone

Nobel prizes do not begin to recognize all the scientific advances overcoming human frailties. Actually, scientists and others have a lot to work with: the capabilities of the human body, including its immune system, and brains.

     From a wheelchair-accessible igloo built by a Dad to robotic legs that enabled a veteran to walk for the first time in 30 years, people are not giving up on those with infirmities. A performer with no feet can be "Dancing with the Stars" on TV, a young lady with Downs Syndrome has modeled a gown on a designer's catwalk, a sightless artist's paintings hang in a gallery, a former spy recovered from being poisoned by foreign agents. Google's 2019 Super Bowl commercial showed how video game controllers can be adapted for those with disabilities. Users can open packaging for games with their teeth, if necessary.

     Around the world, people are figuring out how to provide the little boost some need to keep connected with society. That's always been done. Ben Franklin realized older people needed bifocals when their eyes' focus changed. Someone came up with white canes to help sighted people look out for the blind. FDR could become President with the help of leg braces, a wheelchair, and a car's driver. And Dr. Salk created a cure for polio so victims of the disease no longer needed these assists.

      At abledata.com, check out "assistive technology information" about the wide range of products available to overcome walking, sitting, personal care, communication, hearing, and other limitations.Also see usicd.org (the U.S.  International Council on Disabilities), the authors at disabilityinkidlit.com, and read The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl 2 Fuzzy, 2 Furious by Shannon and Dean Hale. A teen character wears a hearing aid.

     Several special projects deserve mention. In Washington, D.C., deaf, hard-of-hearing, and hearing employees run a Starbucks using American Sign Language. In Brazil, trendwatching.com tells how a foundation for the blind and a beer institute teamed up to teach blind students to employ their enhanced smell and taste in service to the sensory analysis of beer. The first of "The 50 Best Inventions of 2018" featured by TIME magazine this year (Nov.28/Dec.3, 2018 issue) is a robotic arm that updated the artificial arm, shown on PBS's "Antique Roadshow," that was invented for injured soldiers in the American Civil War.

     While helping an 80-year-old friend navigate a luncheon outing, I saw how easily she converted her walker to a wheelchair, locked a brake, and hung her purse on the handle. If she wanted to take any of what she didn't eat home, she had a bag hanging ready on the other handle. To fit in my car, the unlocked walker/chair easily collapsed. In his final years, a therapy dog helped former President George H. W. Bush the way animals, including a horse, assist and comfort ill, blind, and other disabled people.

     According to TIME magazine's section on 2018's innovations (Nov. 26/Dec. 3, 2018), three million Americans need to get around in wheelchairs. Whill's new $4,000 electric Model C1 wheelchair, available in different colors, can travel 10 miles indoors and out, climb 2-inch obstacles, maneuver in cramped spaces, and disassemble for transport in minutes. 

     Elsewhere, scientists work to discover what can help us and what can hurt us. Glyphosate was hailed as a way to rid fields of weeds but it also was discovered to be a possible cancer-causing agent for humans. The same gene editing that promises to rid the world of malaria-carrying mosquitoes can inject dangerous mutations into generations of humans. Controversy continues to fuel debate over how cellphone radiation might contribute to memory loss, brain cancer and sperm damage. The manufacturer of Truvada tries to warn those who use the pill that reduces the risk of contracting HIV through sex that additional safe sex practices are still needed to prevent pregnancy, syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections. Besides, for Truvada or its generic equivalents to work, those who need it have to come forward.

     The good news is: young people always will have an opportunity to create ways to overcome human limitations, and all of us humans know there are folks thinking up ways to make our lives better.

   



     

2018-2019 Struggle for Human Rights

No struggle for human rights around the world is ever complete. The record that I began in the earlier post, "Hope for the Future," needs to be updated with some  positive and negative developments.

     Archbishop Oscar Romero, who was murdered by a military death squad in 1980 because he spoke out for unions and poor peasant groups against the grip of prosperous coffee growers and capitalism in El Salvador, was declared a saint of the Catholic Church in 2018.

     Vietnam released and exiled "Mother Mushroom," Nguyen Ngoc Nhu Quynh, who had been jailed for writing about the country's corruption and pollution.

     Boko Haram continues to kill and kidnap innocent victims in Nigeria and the Cameroon.

     North Korea has re-education camps for thousands, and China also holds Muslim Uighurs in camps because their religion is said to undermine peace and security. In March, 2019, Kazakhstan would demonstrate an effort to maintain good relations with its Chinese neighbor by arresting Serikzhan Bilash for supporting Uighurs detained in Xinjiang's camps.

     Russia tried unsuccessfully to poison a spy in the UK in 2018, and it continues to hold political prisoners, such as Oleg Sentsov and Oleg and Alexei Navalny. In February, 2019, Russia would arrest Michael Calvey, a U.S financier, which is reminiscent of the expulsion of Browder, whose tax expert, sometimes called his lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, died in a Russian prison.

     For criticizing the regime of King Salman and his son, Muhammad bin Salman (MBS), the Saudi Arabian journalist and US resident, Jamal Khashoggi, was murdered at the Saudi consulate in Turkey in October, 2018, but in the same month, a Turkish court released a US pastor, Andrew Brunson, who had been in prison there on false terrorism charges for two years.

Heaven Help Immigration Attorneys

Nuns in religious communities help immigrants find housing, education, and employment. But nuns also have law degrees. They serve as immigration attorneys who work to prevent undocumented minors and adults from being returned to countries where they could be killed. Advocating for Central Americas seeking asylum is an especially difficult challenge, since threats which justified asylum in the past, such as gang violence, no longer do.

In San Diego, California, every unaccompanied, detained child has received free legal representation by the Casa Cornelia Law Center, a nonprofit organization founded by two nuns from the Society of the Holy Child congregation. In 2017, Casa Cornelia served a total of 2,441 adults and children.

Nuns with law degrees also put their teaching backgrounds to work delivering presentations to help groups overcome their fear of immigrants and to understand complex laws affecting immigration: visas, removal defense, amnesty, asylum, temporary status designations, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). Sister Attracta Kelley sees similarities between current attitudes toward immigrants and the attitudes toward racial integration she experienced when she was principal of a Catholic school in Montgomery, Alabama, in the early 1970s.

Sister Kelley points out she can take risks advocating for unpopular positions, because she knows she won't be fired. Sister Bernadine Karge, an attorney in the Dominican Order of Sinsinawa in Wisconsin, bravely speaks out as someone "in the crazy girls category of life." As Nobel Prize-winning physiologist, Rita Levi-Montalcini said before she died at age 103 in 2012, "The last period of my life, perhaps is the best."

Add Pizzazz to Service Projects

Sure a scout troop, school band, or church youth group can organize a car wash, run a bake sale, or collect funds for every mile walked. The trick is to come up with a new project to attract media attention.

Water Aid, a nongovernmental organization (NGO), needed a project to gain support for Goal 6 of the UN's 2030 Sustainable Development objective, water and toilets for all. This wasn't a naturally attention-getting topic, like saving children or baby animals. And the place where Water Aid wanted to attract attention was New York City, center of high-priced public relations firms that make the big bucks by promoting any and every thing, such as rock stars and best sellers.

What Water Aid did was invite individuals and organizations to join a two-mile, "water walk" from 72nd Street and Lexington Avenue to the United Nations building at 45th Street and First Avenue. Two miles just happened to be the distance the average girl or woman in many developing countries walks every day to procure the family's water...time she could spend getting an education or earning an income.

On their walks through NYC, females and males of all ages and various nationalities and professions offered the media a visual photo opportunity by carrying buckets in their hands or on their heads. The buckets also collected funds from passersby.

All the walkers could explain how a lack of water and sanitation caused diarrhea, other diseases, and death; every two minutes one child under five dies from dirty drinking water and poor sanitation and hygiene. Water Aid considers the right to water a human right and opposes selling water, since privatization enables cities and corporations to limit water access to manufacturers and people who can afford it.

The two-mile "water walk" idea invites groups to put greater effort into coming up with original fundraisers. I just saw an article that mentioned managers made Google great by demanding employees to think bigger and bigger. And Water Aid collected funds in buckets that were relevant to its cause. I've seen firemen and women collecting money in their big boots. A middle school collected money at a fundraising dinner in oatmeal boxes band members decorated to look like drums in the middle of every table.

Once a group has a visual event and related fund-collection containers, write a news release describing the event and the purpose of the event. Make a list of producers, addresses, and telephone numbers at local TV news programs and editors at newspapers. Send out your news releases, designate someone to call stations and papers a couple of days before the event, and get ready to welcome the attention. The world has many needs that merit your best efforts.

Overcome Lunch Table Loneliness

The Mean Girls movie provides just one example of the rigid social structure that decides which students enjoy companionship at lunch time and which don't. Since loneliness sometimes causes students to take out their resentment with violent measures or to turn inward with mental health problems, suggestions for improving social interactions at school lunch times merit attention.

     I recall a TV segment that featured a student who took it upon himself to seek out those he saw eating by themselves during high school lunch periods. He sat with them, got to know them, and invited them to interact with him at any time in the halls and classrooms, not just at lunch. Soon, he had inspired other students to join him in being on the lookout for lunch time loners.

     One of the best aspects of globalization is the opportunity it provides to spot innovations in one country that could be adopted in others. According to trendwatching.com, the Costa Coffee cafe chain in the UK places signs on tables to indicate reserved seating for customers who want to chat. Could schools do the same, and, maybe, often change signs to suggest conversation topics of the day that also could inspire discussions at other tables? Making table signs (with cartoons on them?) might be a great service project for a school club.

     When I was in graduate school, a professor urged MBA students to avoid sitting by themselves or with the same people at lunch every day after they entered the business world. He especially urged marketing students to use lunches to get to know employees in finance, accounting, and other departments who will need to support new products that have no track record.

     Also, it's always a good idea to get out of the building at lunch time, take a walk, and see what's happening in the neighborhood. Getting out is a reminder that there is more to life than school or a career.

   

 

Children, Write History

Think of what we know because of the Diary of Anne Frank and Laura Ingalis Wilder's Little House on the Prairie books. Future generations will be indebted to the children of all ages everywhere in the world who write about their lives in the 21st century. Future generations also will be indebted to the parents, grandparents, teachers, and guardians who preserve these accounts and carefully tuck them away.

     A country's history molds the way citizens think about what is important to them and what they hope never happens again. History also uncovers myths. What will finding a song a 10-year-old girl writes in Saudi Arabia today reveal about her life in 2018?

     Recently, myths were dispelled, when more than 350,000 of King George III's private and public papers, stored in the Round Tower at Windsor Castle since his 1820 death, were opened to scholars. According to Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, Rick Atkinson, King George's good handwriting was easy to read. It revealed the mental illness that affected him later in life had no bearing on his thoughts and actions during the American Revolution.

     Unlike his German-born grandfather and father, George III was born in England, spoke English, understood he was a monarch who shared power with Parliament, and did not assume the divine right of kings, as France's monarch did. He loved and was faithful to his wife and the mother of his 15 children, two of whom, William IV and George IV, he took a personal interest in grooming to become future kings.

     King George considered the loss of what would become the United States the beginning of the end of the British empire in Canada, Ireland, India, and the West Indies. He read intelligence English agents gained by opening correspondence from the "New World." After he learned General Washington's rag tag troops not only launched a surprise crossing of the Delaware River that killed or captured over 900 German mercenary Hessians on Christmas Eve, but also went on to take Trenton and defeat three British regiments in Princeton, he knew General William Howe was right about a costly war lasting beyond 1777. And he would have to ask Parliament for more money. The celebration ending the Seven Years War was over.

       

World Goes to the Polls in Brazil

At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, a reporter went up into the hills to interview young boys flying kites. A translator conveyed the false notion that people living in the crowded makeshift homes above Rio preferred their friendly communities to the lonely confines of the modern homes in the city below. Those flying the kites told a different story. They saw the kites as a symbol of their dreams to escape.

     By a margin of 55% to 45%, Jair Bolsonaro was elected Brazil's new President on October 28, 2018. His concern for money laundering, financing of terrorist groups, and other suspicious transactions in Brazil led to granting more power to the country's Financial Activities Control Council (COAF). Promoted as a way to speed investigations and integrate the functions of various government agencies, others view this bureaucratic reorganization as a threat to traditional guarantees of bank and financial secrecy.

     Brazil's most popular politician was not running in the first round of voting for president on Sunday, October 7, 2018. An independent judiciary found Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, Brazil's president from 2003 to 2010, guilty of corruption and sentenced him to prison. Like others in Brazil's political elite, Lula, as he is known, was charged with taking bribes from construction companies looking for contracts from Brazil's state-controlled Petrobras oil company. Since the Odebrecht construction company was not satisfied only to bribe itself into Brazil's political process, the world has an opportunity to prosecute its corrupt tentacles in at least ten Latin American countries, the United States, and Switzerland. (See the latest news about Odebrecht's bribery case in Colombia in the post, "Cut Off the Head and the Colombia Snake Dies?") In the United States, Petrobras itself, which trades in the US market, was fined $853 million for corruption under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

       Fernando Haddad, the former Sao Paulo mayor with degrees in economics, law, and philosophy, represented Lula's Workers Party (PT) in the first round voting of the presidential election. The PT, which once brought prosperity to Brazil under Lula from 2003 ti 2011, gave way to the mismanaged economy, recession, and bribery of his successors: Dilma Rousseff, who was impeached for hiding the country's budget deficit, and Michel Temer, who fought a charge of corruption . Haddad is tainted with his association to PT's past sins and a suspected willingness to end an investigation into corruption.

      The Brazilian rainforest, considered the world's lungs for its ability to absorb carbon dioxide and combat rising temperatures, drought, and fires, is endangered by Jair Bolsonaro, a former army captain who belonged to nine different political parties during his 28-year congressional career. As expected, Bolsonaro and Haddad met again in the second round of voting. In the first round,  Bolsonaro nearly won half the vote needed to avoid a runoff

     Bolsonaro is the hero of Brazil's soybean farmers and cattle ranchers, because he would withdraw Brazil from the Paris Climate Accord and open the way to finance unlimited deforestation of the rainforest. With his running mate, General Hamilton Mourao, he shares an authoritarian approach to reversing the effects of Brazil's lingering 2014 recession: unemployment, reduced personal income, and a lack of education, health, and other government services. It also should be noted, Brazil's National Museum of historic treasures, housed in a once beautiful Portuguese palace, burned down on September 2, 2018, despite warnings about a lack of maintenance. Mourao claims the army has the ability to solve Brazil's problems, including drug-related violence, the way Brazil's military dictatorship did from 1964 to 1985.

     Bolsonaro's supporters like his outspoken attacks on indigenous rainforest communities, women, blacks, and homosexuals. During the first round of voting, Bolsonaro was in the hospital while recovering from being stabbed in the stomach at a campaign event. He claims to be Brazil's President Trump, when one is more than enough for the world.

     Brazil, once one of the promising emerging markets known collectively as the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, and China), has fallen on hard times, but the country is too important for the world to ignore. There will be as many as 30 different political parties in Brazil's new congress. The Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) that dominates congressional coalitions has to deal with members used to receiving pay-offs in jobs, funds for pet projects, and graft in return for passing necessary reforms.

     The world's multinational corporations are in a position to exploit Brazil's political, economic, and social woes or to dream up win-win solutions for their stockholders and the country's kite flyers.

     Local farmers complain that the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) that developed maize, soybeans, eucalyptus trees, and zebu cattle to thrive in the tropical heat and acidic soils on the savanna that covers 5% of Brazil's farmland no longer helps them. Biotechnology, now in the hands of Bayer, which just acquired Monsanto, and Syngenta, a Swiss pesticide producer, serves their agribusiness interests. Meanwhile, Munduruku tribe members, who formed the COOPAVAM cooperative, watch farms press toward the patch of forest where they harvest the wild Brazil nuts they press into oil for eco-friendly Natura cosmetics and school lunch food. At the very least, multinationals could abide by government regulations requiring only 20% of forest areas should be cleared for farming.

     Boeing is in a position to honor or undercut the interests of Brazil's Embraer aircraft company employees and its metalworkers union. Young engineers are used to moving from projects on commercial aircraft to executive jets to defense projects. Since Boeing is only interested in acquiring the company's short-range, 70- to 130-seat commercial jet business in order to compete with Canada's Bombardier, Inc. and Airbus, excess employees rightly fear they would lose their jobs. Couldn't Boeing's worldwide operations offer them employment elsewhere?

     All in all, Brazil's presidential election is a world, not just a national, event worth watching.